{ "cells": [ { "attachments": {}, "cell_type": "markdown", "id": "395718be-0dca-4b64-9e90-a5a5bd08e16a", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "# 1 Definition of Robotics and Robot\n", "October 10, 2024\n", "\n", "## 1.1 Robotics\n", "Robotics is a concurrent branch of science and engineering which deals with the study of conceptualization, design, fabrication and operations of robots. It is blend of mechanical, material science, control, computer science, electrical and electronics, software and information technology. \n", "\n", "Panoptical depiction of Robotics (Source: Image generated using AI tool chatgpt)\n", "Panoptical depiction of Robotics (Source: Generative AI Tool)\n", "The word “Robotics” was first coined by Russian born American science fiction writer Issac Asimov in 1941-42, in his short story “Runaround”. He postulated the most famous “Three Laws of Robotics” which are as follows:\n", "\n", "**The First Law:**\n", "A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.\n", "\n", "**The Second Law:** \n", "A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.\n", "\n", "**The Third Law:** \n", "A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.\n", "\n", "He further went on to add a fourth law which precedes all the other laws and is on the highest priority, and he called it as \n", "\n", "**The Zeroth Law:** \n", "A robot may not injure humanity or, through inaction, allow humanity to come to harm.\n", "\n", "The objective of robotics branch is to design smart and intelligent devices which are supportive and assistive to human.\n", "\n", "Robotics have broadly three aspects of design:\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "id": "011ee6fb-5406-4b73-8ef5-7097e681c2cb", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "```{figure} _static/Robota1.1.png\n", ":alt: Robota1.1 robot design\n", ":width: 300px\n", "\n", "Panoptical depiction of Robotics (Source: Generative AI Tool)" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "id": "a5c5f280-e4ab-46ad-8882-e235f0f3e9e5", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "### 1.1.1 Mechanical\n", "This involves design of the mechanical forms and linkages required for performing a particular operation.\n", "\n", "### 1.1.2 Electrical\n", "Designing of the power source and the electrical components required for the powering up and control of the robotic systems.\n", "\n", "### 1.1.3 Software\n", "Decision making program which commands or the control the operation of the robotic systems. Robotics program maybe of remote control, AI control and hybrid (mix of both RC and AI).\n", "\n", " \n", "## 1.2 Robot\n", "Robot is basically a complex device designed to perform work which are repetitive and dangerous in nature. The word ‘Robot’ is derived from the Czech word ‘Robota’ which means either a tedious labor or a mechanical item that helps its master. The word was first used by writer Karel Capek, who used the word in his 1920 play “Rossum’s Universal Robots”. The popular use of the word “automaton” is replaced after the release of this play. Many attempts have been made to define robot. Some of the most popular definitions are as follows:\n", "\n", "Neoteric model of a Humanoid (Source: Image generated using AI tool chatgpt)\n", "Neoteric model of a Humanoid (Source: Generative AI Tool)\n", "According to the Robotics Industries Association (formerly known as the Robotics Institute of America) a robot is defined as, “A reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks”.\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "id": "a1b63e59-678a-4351-a2da-82312d402cfd", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "```{figure} _static/Robota1.2.png\n", ":alt: Robota1.2 robot design\n", ":width: 300px\n", "\n", "Neoteric model of a Humanoid (Source: Generative AI Tool)" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "id": "8d1ce544-7e90-4669-85cd-1d0d707994b6", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "According to Oxford English Dictionary a robot is defined as, “A machine capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically, especially one programmable by a computer”.\n", "\n", "International Standard Organization defined robot as, “An automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose manipulator programmable in three or more axis, which can be either fixed in place or mobile for use in industrial automation applications”.\n", "\n", " \n", "\n", "In the next articles we will delve into \"History and Evolution of Robotics\" to see how robots and the robotics as a field have evolved over a period of time.\n", "Don't Miss Out on What's Next! " ] } ], "metadata": { "kernelspec": { "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)", "language": "python", "name": "python3" }, "language_info": { "codemirror_mode": { "name": "ipython", "version": 3 }, "file_extension": ".py", "mimetype": "text/x-python", "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", "version": "3.11.9" } }, "nbformat": 4, "nbformat_minor": 5 }